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California State Route 1

Route map:
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(Redirected from California Highway 1)
Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Pacific Coast Highway (disambiguation), Coast Highway, California's 1st congressional district, 1 California (disambiguation), and PCH (disambiguation).
"Cabrillo Highway" redirects here. Not to be confused with the Cabrillo Freeway in San Diego.

State Route 1 marker
State Route 1
Map
SR 1 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Caltrans
Length655.845 mi[1] (1,055.480 km)
(broken into 5 pieces by U.S. Route 101)
Existed1934–present
Tourist
routes
  • Route One, Big Sur Coast Highway and Route One, San Luis Obispo North Coast Byway
  • Portions of the Cabrillo Highway in Santa Barbara and San Mateo Counties[4]
Restrictions
Special restrictions[2][3]
  • No flammable or combustible tank vehicles in the Sepulveda Tunnel
  • No trucks with 4 or more axles through Malibu
  • No trucks over 3 short tons (2.7 t) through Lompoc
  • No explosives, flammables or combustibles in the Tom Lantos Tunnels
  • No trucks exceeding 30 feet kingpin to rearmost axle distance from Carmel to San Simeon
Major junctions
South end I-5 in Dana Point
Major intersections
North end US 101 near Leggett
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountiesOrange, Los Angeles, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, San Francisco, Marin, Sonoma, Mendocino
Highway system
← I-980→ SR 2

State Route 1 (SR 1) is a major north–south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U.S. state of California. At 656 miles (1,056 km), it is the longest state route in California, and the second-longest in the US after Montana Highway 200. SR 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway (PCH), Cabrillo Highway, Shoreline Highway, or Coast Highway. Its southern terminus is at Interstate 5 (I-5) near Dana Point in Orange County and its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 101 (US 101) near Leggett in Mendocino County. SR 1 also at times runs concurrently with US 101, most notably through a 54-mile (87 km) stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge.

The highway is designated as an All-American Road. In addition to providing a scenic route to numerous attractions along the coast, the route also serves as a major thoroughfare in the Greater Los Angeles Area, the San Francisco Bay Area, and several other coastal urban areas.

SR 1 was built piecemeal in various stages, with the first section opening in the Big Sur region in the 1930s. However, portions of the route had several names and numbers over the years as more segments opened. It was not until the 1964 state highway renumbering that the entire route was officially designated as SR 1. Although SR 1 is a popular route for its scenery, frequent landslides and erosion along the coast have caused several segments to be either closed for lengthy periods for repairs, or re-routed inland.

Route description

[edit]

Due to its fragmented nature and piecemeal relinquishments, the California Streets and Highways Code defines Route 1 across several subdivisions of section 301 as follows:[5]

Route 1 is from:

(a) Route 5 south of San Juan Capistrano to Route 101 near El Rio except for the portions of Route 1 relinquished:

(1) Within the city limits of the City of Dana Point between the western edge of the San Juan Creek Bridge and Eastline Road at the city limits of the City of Laguna Beach.
(2) Within the city limits of the City of Newport Beach between Jamboree Road and Newport Coast Drive.
(3) Within the city limits of the City of Santa Monica between the southern city limits and Route 10.
(4) Within the city limits of the City of Oxnard between Pleasant Valley Road and Route 101.

(b) Route 101 at Emma Wood State Beach, 1.3 miles north of Route 33, to Route 101, 2.8 miles south of the Ventura-Santa Barbara county line at Mobil Pier Undercrossing.
(c) Route 101 near Las Cruces to Route 101 in Pismo Beach via the vicinity of Lompoc, Vandenberg Air Force Base, and Guadalupe.
(d) Route 101 in San Luis Obispo to Route 280 south of San Francisco along the coast via Cambria, San Simeon, and Santa Cruz.
(e) Route 280 near the south boundary of the City and County of San Francisco to Route 101 near the approach to the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
(f) Route 101 near the southerly end of Marin Peninsula to Route 101 near Leggett via the coast route through Jenner and Westport.

In addition to the relinquished portions listed under subdivision (a), sections 301 subdivision (h), 301.1, 301.3 and 301.5 of the code permit the state to relinquish select or all portions of Route 1 in the cities of Los Angeles, Torrance, Newport Beach and Pismo Beach respectively.[6][7][8] AB 2817, approved in September 2024 and effective in 2025, amends the code to add section 301.4, allowing the state to relinquish a segment in Laguna Beach.[9]

SR 1 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System,[10] and through the Los Angeles metro area, Monterey, Santa Cruz, and San Francisco metro area is part of the National Highway System,[11] a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.[12] The California State Legislature has also relinquished state control of segments within Dana Point, Newport Beach, Santa Monica, and Oxnard; those segments are now maintained by those respective municipalities.[13]

The Big Sur section from San Luis Obispo to Carmel is an official National Scenic Byway.[14] SR 1 is eligible to be included in the State Scenic Highway System;[15] however, only a few stretches between Los Angeles and San Francisco have officially been designated as a scenic highway,[16] meaning that there are substantial sections of highway passing through a "memorable landscape" with no "visual intrusions", where the potential designation has gained popular favor with the community.[17]

The entire route is designated as a Blue Star Memorial Highway to recognize those in the United States armed forces; this designation is sponsored by the California Garden Clubs, but the organization has not erected such markers along SR 1 yet.[18] In 1959, the legislature officially designated the segment in Southern California between Interstate 5 (I-5) in Dana Point and US 101 near Oxnard as the Pacific Coast Highway (commonly referred to as "PCH", without the definite article "the", unlike other freeway numbers in the Los Angeles area). Between US 101 at the Las Cruces junction (8 miles [13 km] south of Buellton) and US 101 in Pismo Beach, and between US 101 in San Luis Obispo and Interstate 280 in San Francisco, the legislature also designated SR 1 as the Cabrillo Highway in 1959, after the explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo who sailed along the coast line. The legislature also designated the route as the Shoreline Highway in 1957 between the Manzanita Junction near Marin City and Leggett. Smaller segments of the highway have been assigned several other names by the state and municipal governments.[19]

For the most part, SR 1 runs parallel to the coastline, or close to it, but does turn several miles inland at various locations to avoid several federally controlled or protected areas such as Vandenberg Space Force Base, Diablo Canyon Power Plant and Point Reyes National Seashore. In addition to connecting the coastal cities and communities along its path, the route provides access to beaches, parks, and other attractions along the coast, making it a popular route for tourists. The route annually helps bring several billion dollars to the state's tourism industry.[20] Segments of SR 1 range from urban freeway to simple rural two-lane road. Under the California Coastal Act, those segments of the highway that run through the rural areas of the protected California Coastal Zone may not be widened beyond a scenic two-lane road.[21]

Orange County

[edit]
Southbound PCH in Crystal Cove State Park near Laguna Beach

At its southernmost end in Orange County, SR 1 terminates at I-5 in Capistrano Beach in Dana Point. It then travels west into the city center. After leaving Dana Point, Pacific Coast Highway (PCH) becomes simply "Coast Highway" while at the same time continuing northwest along the coast through Laguna Beach (where it meets the southern terminus of SR 133) and Crystal Cove State Park.[22][23]

SR 1 then enters Newport Beach and passes through several affluent neighborhoods, including Newport Coast and Corona Del Mar, spans the entrance to the Upper Newport Bay, which marks the boundary between East Coast Highway and West Coast Highway, and crosses California State Route 55 near its southern terminus. Upon crossing the Santa Ana River mouth and entering Huntington Beach, SR 1 regains the Pacific Coast Highway designation. It passes Huntington State Beach and the southern terminus of California State Route 39 before reaching Bolsa Chica State Beach and the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. PCH then continues along the coast into Seal Beach, the final city on its journey in Orange County.[22][23]

Los Angeles and Ventura counties

[edit]
The Pacific Corporate Towers alongside PCH in El Segundo, California

PCH enters Los Angeles County and the city of Long Beach after crossing the San Gabriel River. SR 1 then continues northwest through the city to its junction with Lakewood Boulevard (State Route 19) and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Los Alamitos Circle, more than 2 miles (3.2 km) from the coast. From the traffic circle, it continues inland west through Long Beach, including approximately one mile adjacent to the southern boundary of Signal Hill. PCH is marked as such in Long Beach, but originally bore the name of Hathaway Avenue east of the traffic circle and State Street west of there. PCH then passes through the Los Angeles districts of Wilmington and Harbor City. While bypassing the immediate coastline of Palos Verdes, SR 1 continues to head west into the cities of Lomita and Torrance along the route of the former Redondo-Wilmington Boulevard.[22][23]

PCH then turns north through Redondo Beach and Hermosa Beach. Upon entering Manhattan Beach, it becomes Sepulveda Boulevard and turns back into PCH designation through El Segundo.[24] At Imperial Highway, it regains the name Sepulveda Boulevard as it descends and passes under two runways of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) via the Sepulveda Boulevard Tunnel.[22][23]

Southbound SR 1 near the intersection of Lincoln and Sepulveda Boulevards north of LAX

After leaving LAX, SR 1 splits from Sepulveda and turns northwest, becoming Lincoln Boulevard and passing through the Los Angeles neighborhoods of Westchester, Playa Vista, and Venice, as well as the unincorporated community of Marina Del Rey. This portion of SR 1 suffers heavy congestion at most times due to the shortage of alternate north-south arterial roads west of Interstate 405. It then enters the city of Santa Monica, where SR 1 turns southwest, merging onto the westernmost segment of the Santa Monica Freeway. Passing through the McClure Tunnel (which also serves as the national western terminus of Interstate 10), SR 1 emerges along the beachfront in Santa Monica as PCH again and continues along the coast, separated from Downtown Santa Monica by the palisades north of Santa Monica Pier; this portion is also known locally as Palisades Beach Road and formerly as Roosevelt Highway. Upon leaving Santa Monica, PCH continues to follow the coast, curving west through the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles before becoming the main thoroughfare of the city of Malibu while traversing the entire 21 miles (34 km) of that city.[22][23]

PCH passing Mugu Rock at Point Mugu

SR 1 crosses the county line and continues through the Ventura County portion of the Malibu coast through Leo Carrillo State Park and Point Mugu State Park. After passing through a notch in the promontory that marks Point Mugu, the western end of the Santa Monica Mountains, and the beginning of the Oxnard Plain. The road cut left a very large rock formation at the tip of the point that is called the Mugu Rock. At that point, PCH leaves the coast and heads north, and then northwest as a freeway along the northeastern boundary of Naval Base Ventura County Point Mugu for several miles to an interchange at Rice Avenue, Pleasant Valley Road, and Oxnard Boulevard in Oxnard.[22][23] The reconstructed interchange at Rice Avenue and Pleasant Valley Road channels traffic north on the surface street, Rice Avenue, towards the interchange with US 101. The historic route along Oxnard Boulevard was relinquished in 2014. Truck traffic to and from the Port of Hueneme also uses this designated route at the Rice Avenue/Hueneme Road connector to connect with Route 101 at the Rice Avenue Interchange.[25]

After traveling through Ventura, SR 1 separates from US 101 to travel the historic beach route along the Rincon coast that was originally opened up by the construction of the Railroad Coastal Route from Emma Wood State Beach to the Mobil Pier Undercrossing near Sea Cliff, where it rejoins US 101 about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of the Santa Barbara County line near La Conchita.[22][23]

Central Coast

[edit]

The US 101/SR 1 concurrency (although actual signage mentioning SR 1 through this segment is nonexistent) from the Mobil Pier Undercrossing runs for 54 miles (87 km), passing through the City of Santa Barbara and its neighboring communities along the coast of Santa Barbara County. The route then turns away from the Gaviota Coast at Gaviota State Beach, avoiding Point Conception, and heads due north through Gaviota State Park and the Gaviota Tunnel. In Las Cruces, SR 1, now named Cabrillo Highway, splits again from US 101 and heads northwest to the city of Lompoc. It is briefly joined with SR 246 along Lompoc's east-west Ocean Avenue, before turning north as H Street to Harris Grade Road, where it then regains the Cabrillo Highway name.[22][23]

After reaching the main entrance to Vandenberg Space Force Base, SR 1 turns northeast, away from the immediate coastline of the base, to join SR 135. Route 135 then splits from Route 1 south of Orcutt, and the Cabrillo Highway turns northwest back towards the coast to Guadalupe. It enters San Luis Obispo County, avoiding the immediate coastline of the protected Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, before passing through Grover Beach and subsequently joining US 101 for the third time at Pismo Beach. The US 101/SR 1 concurrency then avoids the immediate coastline of Avila Beach and Diablo Canyon Power Plant, and instead heads straight inland to San Luis Obispo.[22][23]

SR 1 splits from US 101 at Santa Rosa Street in San Luis Obispo and then resumes as a four lane road as the Cabrillo Highway. It rejoins the coast in Morro Bay, running through that city as a freeway, where it crosses Morro Creek at the site of a prehistoric Chumash settlement dating to the Millingstone Horizon.[26] From there, SR 1 proceeds north to Cayucos until it again becomes a winding, two lane road with occasional passing lanes. It then continues along the coast through Cambria and San Simeon, and past the elephant seal colony at Piedras Blancas Light Station. SR 1 provides access to Hearst Castle in San Simeon in Northern San Luis Obispo County.[22][23]

Big Sur

[edit]
Main article: Big Sur Coast Highway
Looking south, showing the McWay Rocks, about 16 mi (26 km) south of Big Sur
The Bixby Bridge in Big Sur

SR 1 then enters the Big Sur region, crossing San Carpóforo Creek just south of the Monterey County line. For about 72 miles (116 km) from San Carpóforo Creek to Malpaso Creek, the road winds and hugs the cliffs of Big Sur, passing various coastal parks in the area, with no connection to the other side of the Santa Lucia Mountains except for Nacimiento-Fergusson Road. The road briefly leaves the coast for a few miles, passing through a redwood forest in the Big Sur River valley. The Big Sur segment of the highway, built between 1919 and 1937, also crosses a number of historic bridges, including the scenic Bixby Bridge, a reinforced concrete arch with a 320-foot (98 m) span that passes over the Bixby Creek gorge, the Rocky Creek Bridge,[22][23] and the Big Creek Bridge.[27]

Monterey Bay Area

[edit]

After crossing the Carmel River, SR 1 turns inland and runs along the eastern boundary of Carmel and the western boundary of Carmel Valley before becoming a freeway in Monterey. After bypassing the immediate coastline of Pebble Beach and the rest of the Monterey Peninsula, the freeway heads north along the coast of Monterey Bay through Sand City, Seaside, and Marina. At the interchange with SR 156 near Castroville, SR 1 continues north as a two-lane rural road to Moss Landing.[22][23]

SR 1 becomes a freeway once again just before entering into Santa Cruz County. This four-lane freeway continues up the Monterey Bay coast through Watsonville to its interchange with SR 17 in Santa Cruz. (This trumpet interchange is locally known as The Fishhook due to its tight loop ramps that resemble a fishhook when viewed from above). After a short expressway section, it skirts downtown Santa Cruz as four-lane Mission Street, regaining the Cabrillo Highway designation (local/historic name is "Coast Road") after it leaves the city and continues north-west as a two-lane road (with occasional four-lane sections) up the coast through Davenport.[22][23]

San Francisco Bay Area

[edit]
Scene from SR 1 near Half Moon Bay at Tunitas Creek Beach

Entering San Mateo County, SR 1 follows the west coast of the San Francisco Peninsula, passing by the marine mammal colonies at Año Nuevo State Park, and the historic Pigeon Point Lighthouse, before reaching Half Moon Bay. Between Half Moon Bay and Pacifica, the highway bypasses a treacherous stretch known as Devil's Slide via the Tom Lantos Tunnels.[22][23]

The Golden Gate Bridge, which SR 1 shares with US 101
SR 1 winds along the Marin County coast

SR 1 then becomes a freeway once again at Sharp Park in Pacifica before turning inland to join Interstate 280 in Daly City. Just short of reaching the City and County of San Francisco, SR 1 splits from Interstate 280, where the road becomes Junipero Serra Boulevard. Shortly thereafter, the highway makes a slight left, becoming the six-lane wide 19th Avenue; the San Francisco Municipal Railway's M Ocean View streetcar line runs in the median from this point until a junction to a rail only right-of-way near Rossmoor Drive. SR 1 then turns into Park Presidio Boulevard after it passes through the city's Golden Gate Park. Then after entering the Presidio of San Francisco, it goes through the MacArthur Tunnel before joining US 101 for a fourth time on the approach to the Golden Gate Bridge known as Doyle Drive.[22][23]

After crossing the bridge and entering Marin County, SR 1 then splits from US 101 again near Marin City, where it leaves the city and, as the Shoreline Highway, returns to a winding, two lane road as it passes over the Marin Hills to rejoin the coast at Muir Beach. After passing Stinson Beach and the Bolinas Lagoon, SR 1 avoids the immediate coastline of Point Reyes National Seashore and the rest of the Point Reyes Peninsula, and instead heads towards, and then along, the eastern shore of Tomales Bay.[22][23]

Leaving Tomales Bay, SR 1 heads further inland to intersect with Valley Ford Road just north of the Sonoma County border. It then rejoins the coast in Bodega Bay, where its name changes to Coast Highway past the Sonoma Coast State Beaches. After bridging the Russian River at Jenner, SR 1 continues to wind along the rugged coast to Fort Ross, Salt Point State Parks, and the planned community of Sea Ranch.[22][23]

Mendocino County

[edit]
SR 1 crosses Russian Gulch State Park on the Frederick W. Panhorst Bridge

SR 1 then crosses the Gualala River and enters Mendocino County. The highway enters the city of Point Arena, in which it becomes Main Street, before following School Street to the northwest and then becoming Shoreline Highway once again. It bridges the Garcia River and then, near Elk, the Navarro River, where it meets SR 128.[22][23]

At the town of Albion, the Albion River is spanned by the Albion River Bridge, the only remaining wooden trestle bridge on the highway. SR 1 then passes through Little River and Van Damme State Park, crosses Big River and passes through Mendocino Headlands State Park and the Victorian community of Mendocino. Continuing north, SR 1 crosses Russian Gulch State Park on the Frederick W. Panhorst Bridge, and passes through the town of Caspar. It passes through a roundabout just south of the intersection with the western terminus of SR 20,[28][29] where it widens to two lanes, then bridges the Noyo River at Noyo, becomes Main Street of Fort Bragg, and crosses the California Western Railroad.[22][23]

North of Fort Bragg as a two-lane highway again, SR 1 passes MacKerricher State Park and the towns of Cleone and Inglenook before crossing Ten Mile River. After passing Westport-Union Landing State Beach, the road goes through a series of redwood-forested switchbacks before reaching Rockport. North of Rockport, the highway turns away from the Lost Coast to avoid steep and unstable highlands created by Mendocino triple junction uplift. The highway follows Cottaneva Creek inland through redwood-forested mountainous terrain before terminating at US 101 just outside Leggett.[22][23]

History

[edit]

SR 1 has become famous worldwide,[30] but the highway was signed as several other routes prior to 1964. When the road was first envisioned in the World War I era, California highways were referred to by either a highway name or a route number. The route numbers were used by state highway planners and the Legislature from 1915 until 1964, but were never posted on highways, referred to by the auto clubs or public, nor used on maps. The SR 1 designation was first assigned in 1939. Various portions of SR 1 have been posted and referred to by various names and numbers over the years. State construction of what became SR 1 started after the state's third highway bond issue passed before 1910.

Segments initially constructed

[edit]
Bixby Bridge under construction in 1932
Convict labor from Folsom Prison was paid 35 cents per day to help build the roadway.

Eager for a direct coastal route between Ventura and Santa Barbara, civic boosters used locally raised funds to begin building the Rincon Sea Level Road in 1911. The route between the Ventura River and Carpinteria had been an unimproved route along small alluvial fan beaches that skirted coastal bluff rock outcroppings at low tide.[31] Construction of the Southern Pacific Coast Line railroad had created a road flanked by riprap along this area. In order to make this part of the first coastal route for motorists driving from San Francisco to Los Angeles, they paved the road and built wooden causeways where the route flooded from the ocean waves.[32] Local funding ran out, but the newly formed State Highway Commission took over and completed the road in 1913.[33]

One of the most difficult routes to build was along the Big Sur coast. The state first approved building Route 56, or the Carmel-San Simeon Highway,[34] to connect Big Sur to the rest of California in 1919. Federal funds were appropriated and in 1921 voters approved additional state funds. San Quentin State Prison set up three temporary prison camps to provide unskilled convict labor to help with road construction. One was set up by Little Sur River, one at Kirk Creek and a third was later established in the south at Anderson Creek. Inmates were paid 35 cents per day and had their prison sentences reduced in return. The route necessitated construction of 33 bridges, the largest of which was the Bixby Bridge. Six more concrete arch bridges were built between Point Sur and Carmel.[35]

After 18 years of construction, aided by New Deal funds during the Great Depression, the paved two-lane road was completed and opened on June 17, 1937.[36] The road was initially called the Carmel-San Simeon Highway (Route 56), but was better known as the Roosevelt Highway, honoring the current President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A 1921 law extended Route 56 south over the county road to Cambria.[37]

Route 60, from Oxnard via the coast to San Juan Capistrano, was extended from Oxnard to El Rio (midway to Ventura, now the site of the Oxnard Boulevard interchange with US 101), in 1925. At Point Mugu, a path for the highway was cut through the mountains using surplus World War I explosives, thus creating Mugu Rock.[38] The 1921 legislation, in theory, made Route 60 a continuous coastal loop, with both ends at what became US 101 in Oxnard and at Capistrano Beach (since 1964 the southern terminus of SR 1 at Interstate 5 in Orange County).[39] Route 56 was extended further south from Cambria to connect to present-day US 101 in San Luis Obispo in 1931.[40]

The route from San Simeon to Carmel (connecting with existing county highways at each end) was one of two sections designated as SR 1. It and Route 60 were intended as links in a continuous coastal roadway from Oregon to Mexico,[41][42]

A large expansion of the state highway system in 1933 resulted in Route 56 being extended in both directions. To the south, a second section was added, beginning at Pismo Beach on US 101 (Route 2) and heading south through Guadalupe and Lompoc to rejoin US 101 at a junction called Los Cruces (sic), just north of Gaviota Pass. (A short piece near Orcutt and Los Alamos had been part of Route 2, which originally followed present SR 135 from Los Alamos to Santa Maria.) To the north, Route 56 was continued along the coast from Carmel through Santa Cruz to San Francisco. Several discontinuous pieces were added north of San Francisco, one from Route 1 (US 101) north of the Golden Gate to the county line near Valley Ford, another from the Russian River near Jenner (where the new Route 104 ended) to Westport, and a third from Ferndale to Route 1 near Fernbridge. Except for the gaps in Route 56 north of San Francisco, these additions completed the coastal highway, with other sections formed by Routes 1, 2, and 71.[43][44]

The section of SR 1 from Santa Monica to Oxnard, via Malibu, went out to contract in 1925 as "Coast Boulevard", but was designated "Theodore Roosevelt Highway" when it was dedicated in 1929. Before the completion of its present alignment in 1937, a narrow, winding, steep road known as Pedro Mountain Road connected Montara with Pacifica. That highway was completed in 1914 and provided competition to the Ocean Shore Railroad, which operated between San Francisco and Tunitas Creek from 1907 to 1920. SR 1 also used to run along the coast between Pacifica and Daly City, but this segment was damaged and rendered unusable after a 5.3 magnitude earthquake on March 22, 1957. A small stub remains near Thornton Beach.

Route 56 along Big Sur was incorporated into the state highway system and re-designated as SR 1 in 1939. The section of road along the Big Sur Coast was declared the first State Scenic Highway in 1965, and in 1966 the first lady, Lady Bird Johnson, led the official designation ceremony at Bixby Bridge.[45] The route was designated as an All American Road by the US Government.[35]

Signs first posted

[edit]
State Route 3 marker
State Route 3
LocationSan Juan Capistrano–Oxnard
Existed1934–1935
Alternate plate 1948.svg
U.S. Route 101 Alternate marker
U.S. Route 101 Alternate
LocationSan Juan Capistrano–Oxnard
Existed1936–1964
State Route 208 marker
State Route 208
LocationRockport–Leggett
Existed1964–1984

SR 1 signs first went up after California decided to number its highways, in 1934. The section for Humboldt, Mendocino, Sonoma, Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz, Monterey, San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties was posted as SR 1, that section of the road known Route 56 (Las Cruces to Fernbridge). For Ventura, Los Angeles and Orange counties, Route 60 (San Juan Capistrano to the Oxnard area) became SR 3, and a few SR 3 signs were actually posted.[46] The SR 3 signs were replaced by US 101 Alt. shields by 1936, as the road was built out; this change also allowed the extension of US 66 to end at another U.S. Route, in Santa Monica.[47]

The gaps of non-state highway along the northern coast were finally filled in by the Legislature in 1951, though the State Department of Public Works was not required to maintain the newly added portions immediately. A connection from near Rockport to Legislative Route 1 (signed US 101) at Leggett was also added to the Legislative Route 56 definition,[48] as the existing county road north from Rockport to Ferndale had not yet been paved.[49]

The state Legislature in 1963 tossed out the old conflicting Legislative Route Numbers (1964 renumbering), got rid of some famous old U.S. routes, and renumbered many state highways. It abolished US 101A in Los Angeles, Orange and Ventura counties and renumbered it as SR 1. The Rockport to Leggett connection then became State Route 208.[50] The cover of "California Highways" magazine in fall 1964 shows state engineers posting the new shield at Point Mugu.[51] The same year, the Legislature by state law named SR 1 "Pacific Coast Highway" in Orange, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, "Cabrillo Highway" from Santa Barbara north to San Francisco, and "Shoreline Highway" from Marin County to its northern terminus. Many cities, however, did not change the name of city streets that are part of SR 1, such as Lincoln and Sepulveda boulevards in Los Angeles, Santa Monica and El Segundo; and Junipero Serra and Park Presidio boulevards in San Francisco. Several other cities and communities like Newport Beach and Bodega Bay merely named their respective city streets as "Coast Highway".

Modern alignments

[edit]
Signs marking the northern terminus of SR 1 near Leggett; the route was originally proposed to run further north, but these plans were abandoned to avoid the steep and unstable highlands of the Lost Coast region.

The freeway portion of SR 1 from Highway 68 in Monterey to Munras Avenue opened in 1956–1960. The segment from Munras Avenue to the northern border of Sand City and Seaside opened in 1968, and bypasses the original highway alignment of Munras Avenue and Fremont Street in Monterey, and Fremont Boulevard through Seaside. North of Seaside, the freeway was built over the original SR 1 alignment through Fort Ord in 1973. North of Fort Ord, SR 1 now veers to the left of the original alignment and bypasses Marina to the west. This segment including the interchange with SR 156 and the short, 2-lane Castroville Bypass opened in 1976. Originally SR 1 followed the SR 156 alignment to the SR 183 intersection in Castroville, then turned northwest, following the present-day SR 183 through Castroville before rejoining its existing alignment at the northern terminus of the Castroville Bypass.

Plans to upgrade SR 1 to a freeway from its southern terminus all the way to Oxnard, including building an offshore causeway from the Santa Monica Pier to Topanga Canyon Boulevard south of Malibu, were ultimately killed by 1971 due to local opposition.[52] In 1980, another section was added northwest of Ventura near Emma Wood State Beach, when several miles of the old two-lane alignment of U.S. Route 101 were posted as SR 1 where the freeway had bypassed it in about 1960. Then in 1988, the segment from Purisima Road in Lompoc to SR 135 was re-routed from Harris Grade Road to the former County Route S20 so it could directly serve Vandenberg Air Force Base.

Construction to bridge the gap in the Lost Coast region between Rockport and Ferndale was eventually abandoned. The steepness and related geotechnical challenges of the coastal mountains made this stretch of coastline too costly for highway builders to establish routes through the area.[53] In 1984, SR 1 was then re-routed to replace State Highway 208, connecting Rockport and Leggett, while the segment between Ferndale and Fernbridge was renumbered as State Highway 211.[54] Most of the coastline in the area is now part of Sinkyone Wilderness State Park and the King Range National Conservation Area.

The roadway along Devil's Slide, south of Pacifica, became the site of frequent deadly crashes and roadway-closing landslides. Beginning in 1958, Caltrans supported a plan to construct an inland bypass over Montara Mountain as an alternate route, but was eventually opposed by community and environmental groups who supported a tunnel instead. After decades of legal disputes, the Federal Highway Administration ordered Caltrans in 1995 to re-evaluate the proposed tunnel. Then on November 5, 1996, San Mateo County voters approved Measure T to change the county's official preference from the bypass to the tunnel. Ground eventually broke in 2005, and the Tom Lantos Tunnels opened in April 2013.

In 2014, two-way traffic was restored along the original PCH segment from Copper Lantern to Blue Lantern streets in the Dana Point city center after 25 years of one-way operation.[55] During that period, only northbound traffic had flowed along this section of PCH while southbound traffic had been diverted onto the parallel Del Prado Avenue.

SR 1 has never been planned to extend south into San Diego, or north into Crescent City, where I-5 (which replaced the US 101 designation and signage between Los Angeles and San Diego) and US 101 serve as the coastal highways in those areas, respectively.

As a cycling venue

[edit]
Cyclists descend SR 1 at Devil's Slide on Stage 2 of the 2012 Tour of California before the segment was bypassed one year later by the Tom Lantos Tunnels

For the 1932 Summer Olympics, the segment of the SR 1 between Oxnard and Santa Monica (then known as the Theodore Roosevelt Highway) hosted part of the road cycling events.[56] Portions of SR 1 have also hosted stages of the Tour of California.[57][58]

Maintenance

[edit]

California's coastline is constantly changing and continually presents us with challenges. Through hard work and determination, we continue to keep this scenic highway open.

— Malcolm Dougherty, director of Caltrans.[59]

Landslides

[edit]

Frequent landslides and erosion along the coast have caused portions of SR 1 to either be closed for long periods of time, or be re-routed entirely. Some of these include:

  • A segment along the coast between Pacifica and Daly City in what is now Thornton Beach was damaged and rendered unusable after a 5.3 magnitude earthquake on March 22, 1957. SR 1 was then eventually re-routed to turn inland to join Interstate 280.
  • The Piedras Blancas Realignment Project plans to re-route the road up to 475 feet (145 m) further inland to avoid the expected coastal erosion from the Piedras Blancas Light Station to the Arroyo de la Cruz Bridge in San Luis Obispo County.[60]
  • Big Rock Mesa landslide in September 1983 in Malibu was one of the worst in state history. A total of 250 homes collapsed, cracked or slid off their foundation with 30 homes being condemned. The state agreed to pay forty million dollars as cutting through the hillside to build Pacific Coast Highway was a contributing cause.[61]
  • The Devil's Slide area has been prone to major landslides. One slide in 1995 caused the road to be closed for five months, while another in 2006 led to a four-month closure.[62] The Tom Lantos Tunnels, named after former U.S. Congressman Tom Lantos, opened in 2013 to bypass the area.[63]
  • In 2011, major reconstruction was completed between Muir Beach and Stinson Beach, including the addition of a 523-foot-long (159 m), 20-foot-high (6.1 m), but mostly buried, retaining wall. This followed a four-month, $25 million reconstruction that repaired damage from a 2007 landslide.[64]
  • A March 2011 landslide in the Big Sur region forced Caltrans to close the highway for several months.[65] A section south of Lucia that is also prone to frequent landslides, known as Pitkins Curve and Rain Rocks, was replaced with a bridge and a covered rock shed.[66]
  • During the winter of 2016–2017, the Big Sur region received more than 60 inches (150 cm) of rain. The road was closed or partially closed due to mudslides and landslides in at least six locations. On February 20, Caltrans declared that the Pfeiffer Canyon Bridge just south of Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park was damaged beyond repair, closing that segment of SR 1 for eight months, and effectively splitting Big Sur in half.[67] Some businesses, cut off from customers and without access to supplies, were forced to close. For some residents, the only means of getting out was via helicopter.[68][30] In March, Caltrans demolished the bridge and began construction of the replacement.[69] The rebuilt bridge opened on October 13, 2017, at a cost of $24 million.[70][71]
  • Another major slide at Mud Creek closed a 30-mile (48 km) stretch of the highway in May 2017.[72] The huge slide at Mud Creek covered about one-third mile (0.54 km) of road with 40 feet (12 m) of dirt and rock. The slide was on a section of the road that was already closed due to smaller slides. The scale of the slide was compared to a very large slide during the winter of 1983–1984 that closed SR 1 for more than a year.[73] A replacement roadway was built over the landslide and opened in July 2018, at a cost of $40 million.[74][75][76][77]
  • After heavy rainfall, a section of the highway at mile marker 30, near Rat Creek in Monterey County, collapsed into the ocean in January 2021.[78] It reopened in April 2021.[79]
  • Multiple landslides during successive storm systems in January 2023 forced the closure of nearly 40 miles (64 km) of the highway.[80] As of April 2023, over 25 miles (40 km) of the highway remain closed.[81]
  • Landslides in March 2024 forced the closure of a 1.4-mile (2.3 km) stretch north of the Rocky Creek Bridge in the Big Sur region.[82]

Future projects

[edit]

In 2014, Caltrans relinquished the portion of SR 1 in Oxnard along Oxnard Boulevard. The plan is then for PCH between Pleasant Valley Road and US 101 to be re-routed from Oxnard Boulevard onto Rice Avenue.[83][84] That segment of Rice Avenue includes a railroad grade crossing at 5th Avenue that was the site of the February 2015 Oxnard train derailment, which eventually led to one death and 29 injuries. This was the twelfth accident at the crossing in ten years.[85] An overpass has been planned at that site for almost two decades, but funding has not been available in Ventura County for the estimated $35 million grade separation project.[86] On July 12, 2023, the Ventura County Transportation Commission and the City of Oxnard received $15 million in state funding to build an overpass. The project is estimated to be completed by the fall of 2027.[87]

In 2015, a $20 million project was proposed to add over 150 safety improvements to the stretch of the highway in Malibu. This follows a string of fatal accidents in the area, including one involving Caitlyn Jenner that claimed another person's life.[88]

The Calera Parkway project proposes to widen the non-freeway segment in Pacifica between the Rockaway Beach and Vallemar districts, but is facing opposition by local residents and environmentalists.[89]

Major intersections

[edit]

Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers to an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see California postmile § Official postmile definitions).[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The numbers reset at county lines; the start and end postmiles in each county are given in the county column.

CountyLocationPostmile
[1][90][91]		Exit
[92]		DestinationsNotes
Orange
ORA R0.13-33.71		Dana PointR0.13 I-5 (San Diego Freeway) – Santa Ana, San DiegoInterchange; southern terminus; I-5 exit 79; road continues as Camino las Ramblas
R0.78—Coast Highway south, Doheny Park Road – Capistrano BeachInterchange; former US 101
​Northern end of freeway; northern end of state maintenance[a]
Dana Point–Laguna Beach line​Southern end of state maintenance[a]
Laguna Beach9.42
 SR 133 north (Broadway Street, Laguna Canyon Road)
Newport Beach13.47

 Newport Coast Drive to SR 73 Toll		Northern end of state maintenance[a]
16.25 MacArthur BoulevardFormer SR 73 north; serves John Wayne Airport
17.43Jamboree Road – Balboa IslandSouthern end of state maintenance[a]
19.80
 SR 55 north (Newport Boulevard) – Costa Mesa, Balboa Peninsula		Interchange; SR 55 exit 1
Huntington Beach22.09Brookhurst Street – Fountain Valley
23.74
 SR 39 north (Beach Boulevard)		Southern terminus of SR 39
Los Angeles
LA 0.00-62.69		Long Beach1.97
 SR 22 east (7th Street)		Western terminus of SR 22
3.56
 SR 19 north (Lakewood Boulevard) / Los Coyotes Diagonal – Downey, Bellflower		Los Alamitos Circle; southern terminus of SR 19; serves Long Beach Airport
7.29 I-710 (Long Beach Freeway) – Long Beach, PasadenaInterchange; I-710 exit 2
8.27 SR 103 (Terminal Island Freeway) / Willow Street – Terminal IslandInterchange
Los Angeles8.432200-2400 East Pacific Coast Highway – Port of Los AngelesInterchange
9.25O Street to Alameda Street (SR 47)Interchange
11.61 I-110 (Harbor Freeway) – Los Angeles, San PedroInterchange; I-110 exit 4
13.10 SR 213 (Western Avenue)
Torrance16.01

 SR 107 north / CR N7 south (Hawthorne Boulevard) – Inglewood, Palos Verdes Estates
Hermosa Beach–Manhattan Beach line21.92

 Artesia Boulevard to SR 91 east		Former western end of SR 91
Los Angeles25.92
 I-105 east (Century Freeway) / Imperial Highway – Norwalk		Interchange; I-105 exit 1
26.18Airport Tunnel
26.90 Century Boulevard – LAX AirportInterchange
27.40 LAX Airport (96th Street)Interchange
27.36Sepulveda BoulevardNo southbound left turn
28.50Westchester ParkwayInterchange
29.08Manchester AvenueFormer western end of SR 42
Marina del Rey​Culver BoulevardInterchange
Los Angeles31.29
 SR 90 east (Marina Freeway)
32.17Venice Boulevard (SR 187 east) – Culver City, Venice
Los Angeles–Santa Monica line​Northern end of state maintenance[a]
Santa MonicaR34.58
 I-10 east (Santa Monica Freeway) – Los Angeles		Eastern end of I-10 concurrency; interchange; former western terminus of SR 2; southern end of state maintenance;[a] I-10 east exit 1A, west exit 1B
Southern end of freeway on I-10[93]
​Western end of I-10 concurrency; western terminus of I-10[93]
35.17McClure Tunnel
Northern end of freeway
35.18Ocean Avenue – Downtown Santa MonicaInterchange; southbound exit and northbound entrance; former SR 187 east
Topanga40.77
 SR 27 north (Topanga Canyon Boulevard)
Malibu48.17
 CR N1 north (Malibu Canyon Road)
54.02
 CR N9 north (Kanan Dume Road)
59.90
 SR 23 north (Decker Canyon Road) – Thousand Oaks
​62.30Mulholland Highway
Ventura
VEN 0.00-28.48		​​Southern end of freeway
​10.23107Las Posas Road – USN Point Mugu
​11.59108Wood Road – USN Point Mugu
​12.79109Hueneme Road
Oxnard13.59110Nauman RoadNo entrance ramps to SR 1; no access across SR 1
R14.67Rice Avenue southSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
15.06112Pleasant Valley Road, Oxnard BoulevardNorthern end of state maintenance;[a] Oxnard Boulevard is former SR 1 north
​Northern end of freeway
​Fifth Street (SR 34 east)
22.08[b]
 US 101 south (Ventura Freeway) / Santa Clara Avenue – Los Angeles		Southern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; southern end of state maintenance;[a] US 101 exit 60
Southern end of freeway on US 101
21.01[b]61[c]Rose Avenue
22.01[b]62A[c]
 SR 232 north (Vineyard Avenue) – Oxnard
22.73[b]62B[c]Oxnard BoulevardFormer SR 1 south
​63A[c]Ventura RoadSouthbound exit only
VenturaR23.45[b]63B[c]Johnson DriveSigned as exit 63 northbound
R24.65[b]64[c]Victoria Avenue – Channel Islands Harbor
25.97[b]65[c]Telephone RoadNorthbound entrance is via Main Street
26.39[b]66A[c]
 SR 126 east (Santa Paula Freeway) – Santa Clarita		Signed as exit 66 southbound; southbound entrance is via exit 1C from SR 126 west; SR 126 west exit 1A
26.72[b]66B[c]Main Street (US 101 Bus. north)No southbound exit
28.45[b]68[c]Seaward Avenue
29.45[b]69[c]Vista del Mar Drive, Sanjon RoadNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
30.15[b]70A[c]California Street, Ventura Avenue
30.91[b]70B[c]
 SR 33 north (Ojai Freeway) – Ojai
31.50[b]71[c]Main Street (US 101 Bus. south)Southbound exit and northbound entrance
Solimar BeachR32.70[b]
21.25		Northern end of freeway on US 101

 US 101 north (Ventura Freeway)		Northern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; northbound exit and southbound entrance; US 101 exit 72
Sea Cliff27.68
R38.98[b]
 US 101 south (Ventura Freeway) – Los Angeles		Southern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; US 101 exit 78
Southern end of freeway on US 101
​R39.80[b]79[c]Mussel Shoals (Old Pacific Coast Highway)Southbound exit and entrance
​41.00[b]81[c]La Conchita (West Surfside Street)Northbound exit and entrance
​R43.57[b]83[c]Bates Road
Santa Barbara
SB R0.00[b]-50.60		CarpinteriaR0.63[b]84[c]
 SR 150 east – Ojai, Lake Casitas
1.61[b]85[c]Bailard Avenue
2.64[b]86A[c]Casitas Pass RoadSigned as exit 86 northbound; former SR 224
3.06[b]86B[c]Linden AvenueSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
3.77[b]87A[c]Reynolds Avenue, Santa Monica RoadSigned as exit 87 northbound
4.34[b]87B[c]Carpinteria AvenueSouthbound exit only
Toro CanyonR5.28[b]88[c]Padaro Lane, Santa Claus Lane
SummerlandR7.14[b]90[c]Padaro Lane – Summerland
R8.26[b]91[c]Evans Avenue – Summerland
Montecito9.00[b]92[c]Sheffield Drive
10.02[b]93[c]San Ysidro Road
10.54[b]94A[c]Olive Mill Road, Coast Village RoadNo northbound entrance
Santa Barbara11.10[b]94B[c]Hermosillo DriveNorthbound exit only
11.41[b]94C[c]Cabrillo Boulevard, Coast Village RoadNo southbound entrance; signed as exit 94B southbound
​95[c]Los Patos Way (unsigned)Southbound exit only
12.10[b]95[c]Salinas StreetNorthbound exit and entrance
12.75[b]96[c]Milpas StreetFormer SR 144; northbound exit signed as exit 96A; southbound as exits 96B and 96A
13.49[b]96[c]Laguna Street, Garden Street – Downtown Santa BarbaraLaguna Street/Garden Street northbound exit signed as exit 96B; Garden Street southbound exit signed as exit 96C
R14.19[b]97[c]Bath Street, Castillo Street; Santa Barbara Harbor
R14.76[b]98A[c]Carrillo Street – Downtown Santa BarbaraSigned as exit 98 southbound
15.26[b]98B[c]Arrellaga StreetNorthbound exit and entrance
R15.73[b]99A[c]Mission StreetSigned as exit 99 southbound
16.05[b]99B[c]Pueblo StreetNorthbound exit only
16.55[b]100[c]Las Positas RoadFormer SR 225
17.78[b]101A[c]La Cumbre Road, Hope Avenue
18.38[b]101B[c]
 SR 154 west / State Street – Cachuma Lake
Eastern Goleta Valley18.92[b]102[c]El Sueno RoadNorthbound exit and entrance
20.06[b]103[c]Turnpike Road
Goleta21.15[b]104A[c]Patterson AvenueSigned as exit 104 southbound
21.41[b]104B[c]
 SR 217 west – Airport, UCSB		Northbound exit and southbound entrance
22.53[b]105[c]Fairview Avenue
23.72[b]107[c]Los Carneros Road
24.77[b]108[c]Glen Annie Road, Storke Road
26.91[b]110[c]Winchester Canyon Road, Hollister AvenueAll ramps are via Cathedral Oaks Road
​​Northern end of freeway on US 101
​​Southern end of freeway on US 101
​30.06[b]113[c]Dos Pueblos Canyon Road
​​Northern end of freeway on US 101
​​Southern end of freeway on US 101
​32.84[b]116[c]El Capitan Ranch Road
​33.85[b]117[c]El Capitan State Beach
​36.62[b]120[c]Refugio Road – Refugio State Beach
​​Northern end of freeway on US 101
​44.82[b]128[c]Mariposa ReinaInterchange
​​Gaviota State Beach (Gaviota Beach Road)At-grade intersection
Gaviota Pass46.30[b]–
46.90[b]		Gaviota Rest Area
47.19[b]Gaviota Gorge Tunnel (northbound only)
​​Southern end of freeway on US 101
Las CrucesR48.85[b]
R0.00		Northern end of freeway on US 101

 US 101 north – San Luis Obispo, San Francisco		Northern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; US 101 exit 132
Lompoc19.25
 SR 246 east / 12th Street – Buellton		Southern end of SR 246 concurrency
20.57
 SR 246 west (Ocean Avenue) / H Street – NASA/Vandenberg SFB South Gate, Surf		Northern end of SR 246 concurrency
23.30Harris Grade Road, Purisima Road – Buellton
Vandenberg VillageR25.07211Constellation RoadInterchange
Vandenberg SFBM29.89California Boulevard, Lompoc Casmalia Road – Vandenberg SFB
​San Antonio Road West – Casmalia
M33.30San Antonio Road East – Los Alamos
M36.19
R31.04		Southern end of freeway

 SR 135 south – Los Alamos		Southern end of SR 135 concurrency; interchange; southbound left exit and northbound entrance
OrcuttR34.78226
 SR 135 north – Orcutt, Santa Maria		Northern end of SR 135 concurrency; northbound exit and southbound entrance
​Northern end of freeway
R35.53
 Clark Avenue to SR 135 – Orcutt
Guadalupe49.20
 SR 166 east (Main Street) – Santa Maria
San Luis Obispo
SLO 0.00-74.32		​​Valley Road – Arroyo Grande
Pismo Beach​

 Price Street (US 101 Bus. south) to US 101 south		Southern end of US 101 Bus. concurrency
L16.54
17.75[b]
 US 101 south		Northern end of US 101 Bus. concurrency; southern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; no northbound exit; SR 1 south follows exit 191A
Southern end of freeway on US 101
R19.81[b]193[c]Spyglass DriveNorthbound signage
Shell Beach RoadSouthbound signage
Avila BeachR21.11[b]195[c]Avilla Beach Drive
R22.29[b]196[c]San Luis Bay Drive – See Canyon, Avila Beach
​R24.30[b]198[c]Higuera Street
San Luis Obispo25.91[b]200A[c]Los Osos Valley RoadSigned as exit 200 southbound
26.83[b]200B[c]Prado Road, Elks LaneNorthbound exit and entrance
27.50[b]201[c]
 SR 227 south (Madonna Road)
28.07[b]202A[c]Marsh Street
28.81[b]202B[c]Broad Street
29.08[b]203A[c]Osos Street, Santa Rosa Street
29.08[b]
16.77		Northern end of freeway on US 101
US 101 / Santa Rosa StreetNorthern end of US 101 concurrency; interchange; US 101 exit 203B
​​Southern end of freeway
Morro Bay27.88277Los Osos/Baywood Park (South Bay Boulevard)
28.82278Morro Bay Boulevard
29.62279AMain Street
30.14279B
 SR 41 north – Atascadero
​​Northern end of freeway
Cayucos​Southern end of freeway
R34.91284Cayucos (SR 1 Bus. north)Northbound exit and southbound entrance
R35.96285Cayucos Drive
​Northern end of freeway
​North Ocean Avenue (SR 1 Bus. south) – Cayucos
​45.99
 SR 46 east (Green Valley Road) – Paso Robles
Cambria48.26

 SR 1 Bus. north (Main Street) / Ardath Drive – Cambria
​

 SR 1 Bus. south (Windsor Boulevard) / Moonstone Beach Drive – Cambria
San Simeon56.39Hearst Castle
​71.34San Carpóforo Creek BridgeMarks southern end of the Big Sur coastline
Monterey
MON 0.00-R102.03		​18.91Nacimiento-Fergusson RoadIntersects at the southern end of Kirk Creek Bridge
​28.09Big Creek Bridge
​45.52Pfeiffer Canyon BridgeDemolished in March 2017 because of irreparable damage suffered during February 2017 landslides, effectively splitting Big Sur in half.[69][94] The replacement bridge reopened in October 2017.[95]
​59.37Bixby Bridge
​60.05Rocky Creek Bridge
​72.28Carmel River BridgeMarks northern end of the Big Sur coastline
​72.92
 CR G16 east (Carmel Valley Road)
​​Southern end of freeway
Monterey75.14399A
 SR 68 west – Pacific Grove, Pebble Beach		Southern end of SR 68 concurrency
R75.75399BMunras Avenue (SR 1 Bus. north) – MontereyNo northbound entrance
R76.00399CSoledad Drive, Munras AvenueSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
R77.38401AAguajito Road (SR 1 Bus. south) – Monterey
R78.12401B
 SR 68 east – Salinas		Northern end of SR 68 concurrency; SR 68 west exit 7B
R78.18401BNorth Fremont Street (SR 1 Bus. north)Northbound exit and southbound entrance
R78.45402ACasa Verde Way
R78.88402BDel Monte Avenue – Pacific Grove
R79.36403
 SR 218 east (Canyon del Rey Boulevard) – Seaside, Del Rey Oaks
Sand CityR80.27404Fremont Boulevard (SR 1 Bus. south) / Del Monte Boulevard
SeasideR82.89406Lightfighter Drive
MarinaR84.48408Imjin Parkway
R85.14409Del Monte Boulevard (SR 1 Bus. north)Northbound exit and southbound entrance
R86.48410Reservation Road (CR G17)
​R88.64412Del Monte Boulevard (SR 1 Bus. south) – Marina
​R90.39414ANashua Road, Molera RoadSigned as exit 414 southbound
CastrovilleR90.98414B

 SR 156 east to US 101 – Castroville, San Jose		Northbound exit and southbound left entrance
​Northern end of freeway
T92.21


 SR 183 south (Merritt Street) to SR 156 east – Castroville, Salinas
Moss Landing96.10Dolan Road – Elkhorn Slough Reserve
​​Southern end of freeway
​R101.04423Salinas RoadInterchange; former at-grade intersection
Santa Cruz
SCR R0.00-37.45		​R0.72425


 SR 129 east (Riverside Drive) to SR 152 east – Watsonville
WatsonvilleR2.27426Harkins Slough Road, Green Valley RoadNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
R2.68426
 SR 152 east (Main Street)		Southbound exit and northbound entrance
R3.18427Airport BoulevardServes Watsonville Municipal Airport
Aptos Hills-Larkin ValleyR4.07428Buena Vista Drive
Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley–La Selva Beach lineR6.69431Mar Monte Avenue
Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley–La Selva Beach–
Rio del Mar tripoint		R7.66432San Andreas Road, Larkin Valley Road
Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley–Aptos–
Rio del Mar tripoint		8.35433AFreedom Boulevard
Aptos–Rio del Mar line9.15433BRio del Mar Boulevard
Aptos–Seacliff line10.54435State Park Drive
Capitola–Soquel line12.09436Park Avenue
13.19437Porter Street, Bay Avenue
13.6243841st Avenue
Live Oak14.86439Soquel DriveNorthbound signage just lists "Soquel Drive"[96]
Soquel AvenueSouthbound signage just lists the separate "Soquel Avenue"[97]
Santa Cruz15.82440Morrissey Boulevard
16.63441AEmeline AvenueNorthbound exit only
16.82441B
 SR 17 north – San Jose, Oakland		Signed as exit 441 southbound; SR 17 exits 1A-B
17.24442Ocean Street – Beaches
​Northern end of freeway
17.56
 SR 9 north (River Street) – Boulder Creek, Big Basin, Downtown Santa Cruz
19.00Bay Street – UC Santa Cruz
​27.62Bonny Doon Road
​30.44Swanton Road
San Mateo
SM 0.00-R48.55		​13.58Pescadero Road, Pescadero State Beach
San Gregorio18.19
 SR 84 east – San Gregorio, La Honda, Redwood City
Half Moon Bay29.04
 SR 92 east – San Mateo
​R39.00Tom Lantos Tunnels
Pacifica40.75–
40.96		Linda Mar Boulevard, San Pedro Avenue
42.01Rockaway Beach Avenue, Fassler Avenue – Rockaway Beach
R42.58Reina Del Mar Avenue
​Southern end of freeway
R43.46505ASharp Park Road, Fairway Drive – San BrunoSigned as exit 505 southbound
R43.74505BClarendon Road, Oceana BoulevardNorthbound exit only
R44.21506Paloma Avenue, Francisco BoulevardSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
R45.12507Manor Drive, Monterey Road, Palmetto AvenuePalmetto Avenue not signed northbound; Monterey Road not signed southbound
Daly CityR46.72508 SR 35 (Skyline Boulevard)Signed as exit 508A (south) and 508B (north) southbound; SR 35 exits 54A-B
R47.27509ASerramonte BoulevardNorthbound signage
509Clarinada AvenueSouthbound signage
R47.80509B
 I-280 south (Junipero Serra Freeway) – San Jose		Northbound signage; I-280 north exit 47
48.08510Eastmoor AvenueNorthbound exit and southbound entrance; I-280 north exit 47
R47.80
R25.28[d]		—
 I-280 south (Junipero Serra Freeway) – San Jose		Southern end of I-280 concurrency; southbound signage; SR 1 south follows I-280 south exit 47B
R28.78[d]48[e]Eastmoor Avenue, Sullivan AvenueSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
M26.50[d]49A[e]John Daly Boulevard, Junipero Serra BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
M27.17[d]
R48.05		—
 I-280 north – San Francisco, Bay Bridge		Northern end of I-280 concurrency; SR 1 north follows I-280 north exit 49B; SR 1 southbound access via exit 49
48.5549[e]

 John Daly Boulevard to I-280 north		Southbound exit and northbound entrance
City and County of San Francisco
SF R0.00-7.07		R0.11Alemany BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
Northern end of freeway
R0.31Brotherhood WayInterchange; no northbound exit to Brotherhood Way east and no southbound entrance from Brotherhood Way west
1.90
 SR 35 south (Sloat Boulevard) – San Francisco Civic Center, Beach, San Francisco Zoo		No northbound left turn
6.33Southern end of freeway
MacArthur Tunnel
7.08
9.60[b]
 US 101 south – Marina Boulevard		Southern end of US 101 concurrency; US 101 south was former SR 480 east; US 101 exit 438
9.71[b]439[c]Lincoln Boulevard – View Area, Presidio, Golden Gate NRA, Fort PointLincoln Boulevard not signed northbound
Golden Gate11.18[b]–
L0.01[b]		Golden Gate Bridge
(Southbound toll only; no state maintenance on bridge)
Marin
MRN 0.00-50.50		Sausalito0.10[b]H. Dana Bower Rest Area and Vista Point (northbound only)
0.32[b]442[c]Alexander Avenue
0.89[b]Robin Williams Tunnel under Waldo Grade
1.52[b]443[c]Spencer Avenue, Monte Mar Drive
2.48[b]444[c]Rodeo Avenue (east)Northbound exit and entrance only
Rodeo Avenue (west; not a thru road)Southbound exit and entrance only; connects to the Rodeo Trailhead at the Golden Gate NRA
3.33[b]445A[c]Sausalito (Bridgeway), Marin City (Donahue Street)
4.46[b]
0.00		Northern end of freeway on US 101

 US 101 north – San Rafael, Eureka, Santa Rosa		Northern end of US 101 concurrency; US 101 exit 445B
Olema26.51Sir Francis Drake Boulevard – San Rafael
Sonoma
SON 0.00-58.58		Jenner20.10
 SR 116 east (River Road) – Guerneville
Mendocino
MEN 0.00-105.57		​40.27

 SR 128 east to US 101 – Cloverdale, Boonville
Albion River43.74Albion River Bridge
Russian Gulch Creek52.64Frederick W. Panhorst Bridge
Fort Bragg59.80
 SR 20 east – Willits
60.23Noyo River Bridge
Leggett105.50
 SR 271 south – Leggett, Drive Thru Tree Road		Former US 101
105.57 US 101 – Ukiah, EurekaNorthern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h The state has relinquished, and turned over various segments of the highway to local control.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg Indicates that the postmile represents the distance along US 101 rather than SR 1.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs Exit numbers follow US 101 rather than SR 1.
  4. ^ a b c d Indicates that the postmile represents the distance along I-280 rather than SR 1.
  5. ^ a b c Exit numbers follow I-280 rather than SR 1.
[edit]

Tim Buckley's 1969 album Happy Sad includes a song with the title "Love from Room 109 at the Islander (On Pacific Coast Highway)".

In 2002, the Decemberists released a song titled "California One/Youth and Beauty Brigade" on their album Castaways and Cutouts.

In 2008, Old 97's released a song titled "The One" on their album Blame It on Gravity. The song reminisces about their early days as a band being flown from Texas out to Los Angeles to be courted by various big record company labels. In this delightful reimagining, the band ultimately decides it would be easier and more fun to become bank robbers instead, and they make their escape along this famous route ("Let's take The One!").

In 2012, the Beach Boys released a song titled "Pacific Coast Highway". Described by critics as "introspective", "autumnal", and "hymnlike",[98][99][100] the song takes the perspective of an aged person driving down the highway during sunset as he reflects on his advancing years in life, deciding that he is more comfortable living alone.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  5. ^ California Code. SHC 301.
  6. ^ California Code. SHC 301.1.
  7. ^ California Code. SHC 301.3.
  8. ^ California Code. SHC 301.5.
  9. ^ Bill text. AB-2817 State highways: Route 1: relinquishment.
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    Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: California (North) (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved October 21, 2017.
    Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: Los Angeles, CA (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved October 21, 2017.
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[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to California State Route 1.
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Template:Attached KML/California State Route 1
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pacific Coast Highway.
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